Corso di laurea - Area di Ingegneria - Accesso libero con prova di verifica obbligatoria delle conoscenze richieste per l'ammissione al corso. L'esito della prova non preclude la possibilità di immatricolarsi (D.M. 270/2004) - Classe L-9
Lingua: Inglese
Informazioni generali
Descrizione e obiettivi formativi
Engineering Sciences o Scienze dell’Ingegneria è una laurea triennale in cui tutte le attività (lezioni, esercitazioni, materiale didattico ed esami) sono in lingua inglese. Le materie insegnate sono state scelte con attenzione tra la meccanica, l'energetica e l'elettronica e permettono al laureato di inserirsi in ognuno di questi ambiti con le competenze adeguate.
L’obiettivo del corso di studi è di fornire una formazione di base solida in meccanica, energetica, elettronica e ICT/Internet. Al tal fine, l’articolazione del percorso formativo prevede un solido blocco di materie di base obbligatorie (15 esami, 138 ECTS) da svolgersi nei primi due anni e nel primo semestre del terzo anno.
Al terzo anno gli studenti sceglieranno l’ambito nel quale intendono specializzarsi tra ingegneria
meccanica/energetica, elettronica o ICT/Internet (4 esami, 30 ECTS). Inoltre, gli studenti dovranno superare un esame di lingua inglese (3 ECTS) incentrato sull’inglese accademico e scientifico, svolgere un tirocinio o equivalenti attività formative (3 ECTS) e redigere un elaborato finale (6 ECTS). Perché iscriversi a questo corso?
Sbocchi professionali:
Il laureato in Engineering Sciences si pone tra l’ingegneria industriale e quella dell’informazione colmando così un vuoto di competenze per tutte quelle applicazioni in cui meccanica, energetica ed elettronica giocano un ruolo complementare.
La preparazione pluridisciplinare del laureato in Engineering Sciences gli consente di essere inserito in contesti professionali legati alla progettazione Meccanica, Elettronica ed Energetica ma anche in contesti integrati dove le varie competenze sono necessarie simultaneamente come la Meccatronica, i dispositivi miniaturizzati, le nanotecnologie e la gestione dei dispositivi tecnologicamente avanzati.
Il livello d’inglese acquisito dai nostri laureati permette loro di inserirsi in modo competitivo sul mercato del lavoro sia nazionale che internazionale.
La laurea in Engineering Sciences prepara alle seguenti professioni (codifiche ISTAT): Ingegneri meccanici (2.2.1.1.1), Ingegneri elettronici (2.2.1.4.1), Ingegneri industriali e gestionali (2.2.1.7.0)
Oltre agli sbocchi lavorativi, trattandosi di una laurea triennale, il 90% dei laureati in Engineering Sciences prosegue i propri studi per il conseguimento della Laurea Magistrale, sia in Italia che all’estero.
Condizione occupazionale (indicatori di efficacia e livello di soddisfazione dei laureandi):
http://statistiche.almalaurea.it/universita/statistiche/trasparenza?CODICIONE=0580206200900011
Valutazione della didattica - Studenti
Anno accademico precedente
Riferimenti web e contatti:
Sito web: http://www.engineering-sciences.uniroma2.it
Coordinatore: Prof. Fabrizio Quadrini
Email: fabrizio.quadrini@uniroma2.it
Segreteria Didattica:
Simona Ranieri
Email: info@engineering-sciences.uniroma2.it
Information about International Applications:
email: applications-es@ing.uniroma2.it
SOCIAL:
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/ESuniroma2
Microeconomics • use of microeconomic theory; positive and normative economic analysis; why to study microeconomics; what is a market • market mechanism; demand and supply curves; elasticity, both in the short and in the long run • consumer’s preferences, utility function, budget line and consumer’s optimal choice • production function, production isoquant, production in the short and in the long run • cost structures in the short and in the long run and their determinants, optimal production choice • profit maximization, marginal revenues and marginal costs, conditions for a perfectly competitive market • average and marginal revenues in a monopolistic market, production decision making in a monopolistic market Investment analysis • time value for money, interest and interest rate, simple and compound interests • nominal and effective interest rates • economic equivalence and financial factors • difference between investments and loans, investment projects, investment alternatives • the “not to invest” alternative and the MARR • choice between investment alternatives: PW, AE, FW, IRR, payback period Lecture notes and practical classes are integral part of the program, as well as elements coming from discussions during classes. Please note that lecture notes do not cover all the program, but are meant to integrate and complete what is explained on suggested textbooks.
The gaseous state. Ideal gas laws. Ideal gas equation. Kinetic theory of gases. Dalton law. Thermodynamic principles and applications. Chemical equilibrium. Free energy and equilibrium constants (Kp, Kc, Kx, Kn) relationships. Chemical equilibria in homogeneous and heterogeneous phases. Acid-base theories and their applications pH definition. Autoionization of water. Acid and base strength. Structure and strength of acids and bases. Acid-base behavior of salts. Buffer solutions. Low soluble salts and solubility equilibria. Solution enthalpy and hydration energy of ions and their relationships with solubility of ionic compounds. Redox reactions. Electrode potentials and electromotive force of a galvanic cell. Standard potentials. Nernst law. Electrolysis: Faraday law. Chemical kinetics: Chemical reactions rate, activation energy, catalysis. Real gases: van der Waals equation. Physical equilibrium: Vapour pressure and Clapeyron equation. State diagrams (H2O, CO2). Raoult law. Ideal and non ideal solutions. Colligative properties. Inorganic Chemistry (notes): general properties and reactivity of the main group elements and ideal gases. Stoichiometric calculations to help the complete understanding of the concepts.
1. Vector spaces and subspaces. Linear dependence and independence. Steinitz's theorem. Bases and dimensions. Sum and intersection of vector subspaces. Grassmann formula. Linear applications. Image, kernel and rank of a linear application. The group of automorphisms of a vector space. Matrices and rank of a matrix. Gauss method for calculating the rank. Linear systems. Compatible systems. Rouche'-Capelli theorem. First and second uniqueness theorems. Parameter dependent systems. Solving a linear system with Gauss method of elimination. Reduced systems. Matrices and linear applications. Invertible matrices. Orthogonal matrices. Basic changes. Determinants, calculation methods and applications. Binet's theorem. Kronecker's theorem. Cramer's theorem. Complex numbers. Diagonalization of matrices. Positive definite scalar products. Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization algorithm.Spectral theorem. 2. Affine and Euclidean spaces. Dimensions of an affine space. Free and applied vectors. Affine subspaces of a Euclidean space and their positions. Parametric and Cartesian equations of an affine subspace. Dependence and independence of points. Mutual position of affine subspaces. Systems of subspaces: bundles and stars. Affinity. Orientation. Orthonormal references. Vector product. Areas and volumes. Conics and their metric classification. The exercises performed are considered an integral part of the program.
Scientific method. Kinematics of a point particle. Relative motion. Newton's laws. Harmonic oscillator (simple, damped and forced). Dynamics in non-inertial systems. Work, energy, power. Central forces. Moments and equilibrium of moments. Dynamics of particle systems. Statics and dynamics of rigid bodies. Introduction to thermodynamics. 1st law of thermodynamics. 2nd law of thermodynamics, entropy, probability. Kinetic theory of gases, statistics. Gibbs and Helmholtz free energies. Elastic waves. Huygens principle, reflection and refraction. Statics and dynamics of fluids.
Basic elements. Real and complex numbers. Topologi of the rial line and the n-dimensional real space. Differential calculus for real functions. Elementary real functions and their inverse: polynomial, exponential, logarithm, trigonometric function. Concept of limit, limits of indefinite forms; continuity, properties of continuous functions, uniform continuity; derivatives, maxima and minima, the graph of a function; De L’Hopital’s Rule; Taylor expansions. Introduction to multivariable calculus: continuity, differentiation, directional derivatives, gradient; higher order differentiations, Hessian matrix. Integral calculus for real functions: antiderivatives, Riemann integrals; improper integrals. Numerical series. Introduction to ordinary differential equations of first and second order.
Introduction to Computer Science; Von Neumann architecture; Computer Architectures; CPU and GPU; Programming Paradigms; Functional and Object Oriented Approaches; Principles of Software Engineering and Modeling; Basic concepts and comparison of Programming Languages; Variables; Control structures (Loops, Conditional Selection), Data structures and algorithms; Computational Complexity; Functions and parameters; Recursion; Sorting algorithms; Input/Output; Concurrency and Parallelism; Networking and Distributed Applications; Version Control; The Art of Documentation; Introduction to Safety, Security and Reliability concepts.
- Differential calculus of scalar and vector fields - Applications of differential calculus, extremal points - Basic differential equations - Line integrals - Multiple integrals - Surface integrals, Gauss and Stokes theorems
1) Electric Charge and Electric Field : Conductors, Insulators, and Induced Charges. Coulomb's Law. Electric Field and Electric Forces. Electric Field Lines. Charge and Electric Flux, Gauss’' s Law. Charges on Conductors. 2) Electric Potential: Electric Potential Energy, Electric Potential, Equipotential Surfaces, Potential Gradient. Definition of electric dipole. Approximated formula for the electric potential of a dipole at large distances. 3) Capacitors and Capacitance. Capacitors in series and parallel configuration. Electrostatic Potential Energy of a Capacitor. Polarization in Dielectrics. Induced Dipoles. Alignment of Polar Molecules. Electric Field inside a dielectric material. Relative dielectric constant. Capacitors with dielectric materials. 4) Electric current, Vector current density J, Resistivity (ρ) and conductivity ( σ) of materials, Ohm’s law in vector and scalar form, Resistors and resistance, Microscopic theory of electric transport in metals (Drude model). Differences between thermal velocity and drift velocity of charge carriers. Thermal coefficient of resistivity for metal and semiconductors. Resistors in parallel. Kirchhoff current law and the conservation of charge. Resistors in series. Kirchhoff voltage law ( KVL) and the conservative nature of electric field. Resistor and capacitor in series. Charging a capacitor. Solving the equation for current and voltage in RC circuits, time constant. 5) Introduction to magnetism, historical notes. Magnetic Force on a moving charged particle in a Magnetic Field. Definition of the vector ( cross ) product. Vector product expressed by the formal determinant and calculated by Sarrus Rule. Thomson’s q/m experiment and the discovery of the electron. Magnetic force on a current carrying conductor. Local equation for the magnetic force, the second formula of Laplace. Introduction to current loops, the torque. Force and Torque on a current loop in presence of a constant magnetic field. The magnetic dipole moment. Torque in vector form. Stable and unstable equilibrium states. Equivalence between a magnetic dipole of a current loop and the dipole of a magnet. Potential energy of a dipole moment in a magnetic field. Force exerted on a magnetic dipole in a non-uniform magnetic field. Working principle of a dc-motor. Generalization of a magnetic dipole to current loops with irregular area. Magnetic dipole of a coil consisting of n loops in series. The Hall effect. 6) Historical introduction to the Biot Savart Laplace equation. Electric current as sources of magnetic field, the current element. The Biot Savat Laplace (BSL) equation. BSL equation for an infinitely long wire with an electric current flow. The flux of the magnetic field B. The Gauss Law for the magnetic field. Forces acting on wires with electric current flow. Magnetic field on the axis of a current loop and a coil. Ampere Circuital Law. Definition of a Solenoid. Magnetic field from a long cylindrical conductor. Magnetic field from a toroidal coil. The Bohr magneton. Magnetic materials. Paramagnetism, Diamagnetism, Ferromagnetism. 7) Magnetic induction experiments. Faraday Law. Lenz Law. Flux swept by a coil and Motional Electromotive Force. Induced Electric Field. Displacement current. The four Maxwell equation in integral form. Symmetry of the Maxwell equation. Self induction. Inductors. Inductor as circuit element.Self inductance of a coil. Magnetic Field Energy. The R-L circuit. The LC circuit. The RLC series circuit. 8) The electromagnetic waves. Derivation of EM waves from Maxwell Equation. The electromagnetic spectrum. Electromagnetic energy flow and the Poynting vector. Energy in a sinusoidal wave. Electromagnetic momentum flow. Standing Electromagnetic waves. 9) Light waves behaving as particles. The photocurrent experiment. Threshold frequency and Stopping Potential. Einstein’s explanation of Light absorbed as “Photons”. Light Emitted as Photons: X-Ray Production. Light Scattered as Photons: Compton Scattering. 10) Interference and diffraction of waves. The Wave Particle Duality. De Broglie wavelength. The x-ray diffraction from a crystal lattice, the Bragg’s Law. The electron diffraction experiment of Davisson and Germer. The double slit experiment with electrons. Waves in one dimension: Particle Waves, the one-dimensional Schrödinger equation. Physical interpretation of the Wave Function. Wave Packets. Uncertainty principle. Particle in a box. Energy-levels and wave functions for a particle in a box. The tunneling effect.
Electrical quantities and SI units. Electrical energy and electrical power. Passive and active sign convention. Passive and active elements. Ideal voltage and current sources. Basic ideal electric components: resistance, inductance, capacitance. Models of real components. Ohm-s law. Series and Parallel connection of components. Topological circuital laws: Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL) and Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL). Mesh Current Method, Node Voltage Method. Sinusoidal functions: average and RMS (Root Mean Square) values. Sinusoidal steady state circuit analysis. Phasors. Impedance and admittance. Analysis of circuits in AC steady state. Electrical power in the time domain and in sinusoidal steady state: active power, reactive power, complex power. Power factor correction. Maximum power transfer in AC. Application of superposition theorem in circuit analysis. Thevenin’s and Norton’s theorems. Frequency response: first order electrical filters. Resonance: series and parallel resonant circuits. Mutual inductance and ideal transformer. Three-Phase systems. Introduction to the power distribution and transportation grid. Time response and transient analysis. The unit step function, unit impulse function, exponential function, first-order circuits. Laplace transform method, Laplace transform of some typical functions, initial-value and final-value theorems, partial-fractions expansions, analysis of circuits in the s-domain. Network functions and circuit stability. Electrical measurement bridges. Introductions to the electrical safety and electricity distribution system: description and prospects. Basics of designing a power plant. Effects of electricity on the human body and relative protection systems. Introduction to electrical machines: Tranformer and DC motor.
Elements of electrical engineering, Thevenin, Norton and Superposition theorems. Analysis and synthesis of circuits based on diodes with both Turning Point and State methods. Analysis and Synthesis of amplifiers based on both BJT and FET devices in common emitter (source), collector (drain) and base (gate) configurations. Analysis and synthesis of circuits with operational amplifiers.
- Linear systems The matrix exponential; the variation of constants formula. Computation of the matrix exponential via eigenvalues and eigenvectors and via residual matrices. Necessary and sufficient conditions for exponential stability: Routh-Hurwitz criterion. Invariant subspaces. Impulse responses, step responses and steady state responses to sinusoidal inputs. Transient behaviors. Modal analysis: mode excitation by initial conditions and by impulsive inputs; modal observability from output measurements; modes which are both excitable and observable. Popov conditions for modal excitability and observability. Autoregressive moving average (ARMA) models and transfer functions. Kalman reachability conditions, gramian reachability matrices and the computation of input signals to drive the system between two given states. Kalman observability conditions, gramian observability matrices and the computation of initial conditions given input and output signals. Equivalence between Kalman and Popov conditions. Kalman decomposition for non reachable and non observable systems. Eigenvalues assignment by state feedback for reachable systems. Design of asymptotic observers and Kalman filters for state estimation of observable systems. Design of dynamic compensators to stabilize any reachable and observable system. Design of regulators to reject disturbances generated by linear exosystems. Introduction to adaptive control. Introduction to tracking control. Minimum phase systems and proportional Integral Derivative (PID) control. Bode plots. Static gain, system gain and high frequency gain. Zero-pole cancellation. Nyquist plot and Nyquist criterion. Root locus analysis. Stability margins. Frequency domain design. Realization theory. - Introduction to nonlinear systems Nonlinear models and nonlinear phenomena. Fundamental properties. Lyapunov stability. Linear systems and linearization. Center manifold theorem. Stabilization by linearization.
Review of basic notions of vector and tensor algebra and calculus. Kinematics and statics of rigid-body systems. Geometry of area distributions. Discrete linearly elastic systems, static-kinematic duality, solution methods. Strain and stress in 3D continuous bodies and beam-like bodies. Virtual power and virtual work equation for discrete systems, beams, and 3D bodies. One-dimensional beam models: Bernoulli-Navier model, Timoshenko model, constitutive equations, governing differential equations. Constitutive equation for linearly elastic and isotropic bodies, material moduli. Hypothesis in linear elasticity, equilibrium problem for linearly elastic discrete systems, beams, and 3D bodies. Three-dimensional beam model: the Saint-Venant problem, uniaxial and biaxial bending, eccentric axial force, shear and bending, torsion. Elastic energy of beams and 3D bodies, work-energy theorem, Betti's reciprocal theorem, Castigliano's theorem. Yield criteria (maximum normal stress, maximum tangential stress, maximum elastic energy, maximum distortion energy). Bukling instability, bifurcation diagrams, load and geometry imperfections, Euler buckling load, design against buckling. Basic notions on the finite element method and structural analysis software.
Contents: In the lectures and the exercises, the student will be introduced into the main principles of Engineering Thermodynamics, Thermo Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer. They include: - Fundamental laws of thermodynamics - Thermodynamic diagrams - Thermodynamic cycles for close and open systems - Air and steam mixtures - Basic laws of fluid dynamics - Heat transfer mechanisms: conduction, convection, and radiation heat transfer. Heat Each topic goes with an exercise, which will be solved as an example in the exercise. Additionally the student receives additional example problems for home studies. Learning Outcomes: K1: Learning the basic elements of Engineering Thermodynamics, Fluid Dynamics and Heat transfer, including introduction to fundamental physical and analytical principles and their application. K2: Giving students an understanding of the basic problems and concepts in Thermodynamics, Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer and developing the competence to analyze problems regarding thermal plants and components and to solve them mathematically. K3: Getting the competence to apply the principles of Thermodynamics, Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer to affords practical problems in thermal plant and component design
Introduction Overview of energy sources, energy conversion systems, national and world energy needs. Analysis of energy conversion systems based on 1st and 2nd Law of Thermodynamics. Thermodynamic cycles: external and internal irreversibilities, definition of Rankine-Hirn and Joule-Brayton cycles. Steam power plants Analysis of ideal and real thermodynamic cycles. Choice of operating parameters and techniques to improve plant’s efficiency: steam reheating, regenerative feed heating. Plant layouts. Gas turbine power plants Analysis of ideal and real thermodynamic cycles. Choice of operating parameters and techniques to improve plant’s efficiency: regenerative heat exchanger, reheaters, intercoolers. Plant layout of heavy-duty and aeroderivative turbines. Combined cycle power plants Analysis of “topping” (gas turbine) and “bottoming” sections, efficiency, power ratio between gas and steam turbine, plant layout. Thermodynamic optimization of bottoming sections with variable temperature heat input. Internal combustion reciprocating engines Cycle analysis with ideal gas working fluid; fuel-air cycle analysis; real engine cycles; power output, mechanical efficiency, volumetric efficiency and engine operating parameters; correction factors for power and volumetric efficiency; engine operating characteristics. Hydroelectric power generation Hydraulic turbines: classification, operating parameters, performance characteristics, cavitation. Hydroelectric plant layouts. Pumped storage hydroelectricity.
General concepts related to the use of measuring instruments, in the laboratory (multimeter, power supply, signal generator, oscilloscope). Compensated probes and breadboard. Synthesis of the BJT bias networks. BJT current sources. Synthesis of small-signal amplifiers. Concepts related to the power amplifiers, class A, B and AB. Concepts related to sinusoidal oscillators. Structure and operation of operational amplifiers and their applications. Structure and operation of voltage regulators and their applications. Structure and operation of timers and their applications. Experiences: RC, RL and RCL circuits. Diode circuits: rectifiers, limiters, clamper, voltage doublers, capacitive rectifiers. BJT Bias. Emitter and collector common configuration Phase-Splitter. BJT differential amplifier with emitter coupled. Power amplifiers in class A, B and AB Current source. Inverting and non-inverting amplifier realized with operational amplifiers. Integrator and differentiator realized with operational amplifiers. Comparator, comparator with hysteresis, generator of square waveform. Linear voltage regulator. Integrated 555 in monostable configuration. Integrated 555 in astable configuration. Wien bridge oscillator. LC oscillator.
INTRODUCTION The theory of transmission lines. Definition and properties of scattering parameters. Impedance matching techniques. Rectangular and coaxial waveguides, microstrip and coplanar lines. Overview of hybrid and monolithic microwave integrated circuits. HIGH FREQUENCY ACTIVE TWO PORT NETWORKS Stability of two-port networks and microwave oscillators. Basic principles of linear microwave amplifiers. Non linear effects in high frequency amplifiers. HIGH FREQUENCY PASSIVE COMPONENTS AND CIRCUITS Modeling of coupled transmission lines and design of directional couplers. Branch-line, rat-race and Wilkinson dividers. SPST switches, SPDT switches, and basic principles of microwave phase shifters. Low-pass and band-pass microwave planar filters.
Materials structure and properties: structure of metals, crystals, thermal stresses, solid solution, material properties, mechanical behavior, testing, and manufacturing properties of materials, metal alloys: structure and strengthening by heat treatment Manufacturing of metals: fundamental of metal-casting, metal-casting processes and equipment, bulk forming (rolling, forging, extrusion and drawing), sheet-metal forming, sintering, fundamentals of machining, cutting-tools, machining processes (turning, drilling, milling). Manufacturing of plastics and composites: structure and properties of polymers, properties and applications of composite materials, forming and shaping of plastics, processing composite materials. Joining processes and advanced machining: fusion-welding, solid-state welding, adhesive-bonding, fastening, laser-beam machining, electron-beam machining, water jet and abrasive water-jet machining, electrical-discharge machining, rapid-prototyping processes and operations Laboratory lessons: mechanical tests, surface engineering, hardness of metals, microscopy of metals
Introduction Basics of digital electronics Data structures for microprocessor systems The Von Neumann Architecture The LC3 Architecture Machine language programming of the LC3 LC3 Assembly programming LC3 I/O LC3 Traps e subroutines Basics of C language programming Instrumentation and measurements for microprocessor systems
Introduction to the Internet Application Layer Transport Layer Network Layer Link Layer Wireless and Mobile Networks Multimedia Networking Security Network Management
Deterministic continuous-time signals Introduction, telecommunication systems and services, definition of signals, ideal transmission of signals, time domain signals, complex notation, basic operations on signals, classification, duration, Dirac impulse, energy and power. Affinity: cross correlation and autocorrelation between energy and power signals. Time domain series representation of signals: Fourier series for periodic signals, representation with series of orthogonal functions, Fourier series for time limited signals, representation with samples interpolation. Representation in the signal domain, Gram- Schmidt orthogonalization. Linear transformation: Fourier transform. Examples of Fourier transform, affinity for frequency represented signals, energy and power spectrum, sampling theorem in time and frequency domain. Representation in the complex domain: analytic signal and complex envelope. Basics of source signals: analogue and digital signals. Multilevel source signals, binary signals, synchronous and asynchronous signals. Linear transformation between signals, linear and time invariant transformations in one port systems and in two port systems. Ideal two port system, perfect two port systems. Fundamentals of transmission, ideal transmission, perfect transmission systems, perfect linear channels, time continuous linear processing, filters, processing and reverse processing of step signals, total processing. Multiplexing, analogue digital conversion, basics on channel coding, basics on modulation. Time continuous random variables and stochastic processes. Random variables theory, probability distribution and density functions, conditional probability distribution. Moments, characteristic and generating function of a random variable. Functions of random variables, distribution and density functions computation, sequences of random variables, transformation of random variables, independence of random variables. Expected value, variance and covariance. Conditional density functions, complex random variables. Stochastic processes, generalities, properties and moments. Classification, spectral theory, transformation of stochastic processes. The Gaussian process. Stationary processes, cross correlation, sum of processes and complex process, ciclostationary processes of first and second order, processes represented by the complex envelope, stationary process not in base band, processes represented in time series, real processes with random factors, processes sampled in base band, complex processes with random factors. Gaussian processes: noise, Gaussian stationary noise not in base band, white Gaussian noise in the signal space. Markov processes: properties, continuous and discrete time.
Introduction Classification of machines. Turbines, compressors, volumetric, rotary machines and their applications to industrial practical cases. Analysis of performance: power, work, efficiency. Basics of fluid dynamics Material and spatial description of the flow field. Translation, deformation and rotation. Reynolds’ transport theorem. Differential balances in turbomachinery (mass, momentum, thermal and mechanical energy) in stationary and rotating frames of references. Entropy balance. Phenomenological description of turbulence and intermittency in turbomachinery, and basic description of Reynolds Average Navier Stokes (RANS) equations. Integral balances in turbomachinery (mass, momentum, moment of momentum, energy) and application to basic components. Flow at high subsonic and transonic Mach numbers (density and cross-section changes, normal and oblique shock waves, detached shock waves). Theory of turbomachinery stages General treatment of turbine and compressor stages, dimensionless parameters, degree of reaction and its effect on stage configuration. Stage load coefficient and effect on power. Unified description of a turbomachinery stage, special cases. Turbine and compressor cascade flow forces. Blade forces in inviscid and viscous flow fields. Effect of solidity on blade profile losses, relationship between profile loss coefficient and drag. Optimum solidity, generalized lift-solidity coefficient: turbine stator and rotor. Efficiency of multi-stage turbomachines. Polytropic efficiency. Isentropic turbine efficiency, recovery factor. Compressor efficiency, reheat factor. Comparison of polytropic and isentropic efficiency. Volumetric machines. Piston pumps and compressors: energy analysis, indicated diagrams, volumetric efficiency, multistage machines. Rotary pumps and compressors. Application to practical cases Pumps and compressors: operating maps, external circuit characteristic curves, flow control. Cavitation in pumps. Basic aerodynamic analysis of wind turbines: actuator disc analysis, Betz limit, basics of blade design. Hydraulic turbines: classification, dimensionless analysis. Basics of hydraulic turbine design: head, flow rate, degree of reaction.
Program: The course will be focused on the main concepts and techniques of electromagnetic fields. Fundamental topics are listed below. 1. Definitions of electric and magnetic field. Maxwell's equations. 2. Energy balance and Poynting's theorem. 3. Fields in the frequency domain. Complex notations. Polarization of a vector. Parameters of polarization. 4. Maxwell equations in the frequency domain. Energy balance in the frequency domain. 5. Propagation of waves. Plane waves in uniform means. Propagation constant and intrinsic impedance. 7. Reflection and refraction of a plane wave for normal incidence. Oblique incidence. 8. Transmission lines, Guided propagation. Coaxial cables, rectangular waveguides. 9. The electromagnetic radiation. The electromagnetic field of an impulsive source. Radiated field at a great distance. General antenna parameters. Radiation diagram. Directivity and gain. Antennas for reception. Equivalent area. Link between equivalent area and directivity. Transmission between antennas. Further details will be given before the beginning of the course.
Specification of Combinational Systems. Combinational ICs: Characteristics and Capabilities. Description and Analysis of Gate Networks. Design of Gate Networks. Specification of Sequential Systems. Sequential Networks. Standard Combinational Modules. Arithmetic Combinational Modules and Networks. Standard Sequential Modules. Programmable Modules. Algorithms and Algorithmic Systems. Implementation of Algorithmic Systems. Specification and Implementation of a Microcomputer. Boolean Algebras. Specification Language for Digital Systems.
Structure and classification of planar mechanical systems, kinematic modelling, mobility analysis, graphical approaches of kinematics analysis, kinematic analysis with computer-oriented algorithms, fundamentals of mechanism synthesis, trajectory generation; dynamics and statics modelling, graphical approaches of dynamics analysis ,dynamic analysis with computer- oriented algorithms, performance evaluation; elements of mechanical transmissions with gears, belts, brakes, and flywheels.
- English as a Global Language and English as a Lingua Franca - Implications of English language learners - Native Speakers and Non-Native Speakers - Phonology and Phonetics of English as an International Language - Register (formal, informal, neutral, colloquial) - Specific vocabulary: maths, physics, chemistry, engineering, academic English, communications, statistics and social sciences - Summary writing, for and against essays, opinion essay and abstract
