Corso di laurea - Area di Ingegneria - Accesso libero con prova di verifica obbligatoria delle conoscenze richieste per l'ammissione al corso. L'esito della prova non preclude la possibilità di immatricolarsi (D.M. 270/2004) - Classe L-7
Informazioni generali:
Descrizione e obiettivi formativi:
Il corso forma ingegneri di primo livello con conoscenze di base nell’ingegneria civile (strutturale, idraulica, geotecnica, dei trasporti) e ambientale (tecnologie, ambientali, tutela del territorio e sicurezza). In particolare le conoscenze di base comprendono:
- gli aspetti metodologici e deduttivi della matematica e della fisica;
- la struttura, le proprietà e le trasformazioni della materia descritti dalla chimica;
- gli aspetti metodologici e applicativi della meccanica, con particolare riguardo alla modellazione del comportamento meccanico dei materiali, delle strutture, dei fluidi, delle terre e delle loro interazioni;
- il disegno e l'inserimento nell'ambiente delle opere infrastrutturali, puntuali, a rete ed architettoniche;
- i vincoli e le condizioni funzionali, normative e ambientali posti dalle esigenze di sicurezza, tutela e compatibilità ambientale e territoriale.
Il terzo anno di studi è finalizzato all'acquisizione dei fondamenti delle discipline caratteristiche della ingegneria civile e ambientale (strutturale, idraulica, geotecnica, dei trasporti, sanitaria, territoriale, energetica) e comprende unità didattiche per un totale di 54 CF dei quali 48 obbligatori (Scienza delle costruzioni, Tecnica delle costruzioni, Idraulica, Geotecnica e Ingegneria sanitaria e ambientale).
L'offerta formativa è organizzata in modo da permettere agli allievi, con opportune scelte degli insegnamenti, di potersi iscrivere senza debiti formativi a entrambi Corsi di Laurea magistrale in Ingegneria civile e in Ingegneria ambientale.
Sbocchi professionali:
Il laureato può lavorare come libero professionista per attività di media importanza o come dipendente in studi professionali sotto la direzione di ingegneri esperti.
Le principali aree di impiego sono:
-Ingegneria civile: imprese di costruzione e manutenzione di opere civili, impianti e infrastrutture civili; studi professionali e società di progettazione; uffici pubblici di progettazione, pianificazione, gestione e controllo di sistemi urbani e territoriali; aziende, enti, consorzi ed agenzie di gestione e controllo di sistemi di opere e servizi; società di servizi per lo studio di fattibilità dell'impatto urbano e territoriale delle infrastrutture.
-Ingegneria dell’ambiente e del territorio: imprese, enti pubblici e privati e studi professionali per la progettazione, pianificazione, realizzazione e gestione di opere e sistemi di controllo e monitoraggio dell'ambiente e del territorio, di difesa del suolo, di gestione dei rifiuti, delle materie prime e delle risorse ambientali, geologiche ed energetiche e per la valutazione degli impatti e della compatibilità ambientale di piani ed opere.
-Ingegneria della sicurezza e della protezione civile, ambientale e del territorio: grandi infrastrutture, cantieri, ambienti industriali, enti locali, enti pubblici e privati in cui sviluppare attività di prevenzione e di gestione della sicurezza e in cui ricoprire i profili di responsabilità previsti dalla normativa attuale per la verifica delle condizioni di sicurezza.
Valutazione della didattica - Studenti
Anno accademico precedente
Condizione occupazionale (indicatori di efficacia e livello di soddisfazione dei laureandi):
http://statistiche.almalaurea.it/universita/statistiche/trasparenza?CODICIONE=0580206200900011
Riferimenti web e contatti:
Sito web: http://dicii.uniroma2.it/?PG=47.1.1
Coordinatore:
Prof. Paolo Sammarco
tel 06 7259 7447
e-mail: sammarco@ing.uniroma2.it
Segreteria didattica:
dott.ssa Maria Luisa Cottone – sig.ra Maria Beatrice Giambenedetti
tel. 0672597003/55
e-mail didattica.civile@ing.uniroma2.it
Introduction to the topic of climate change. Scientific analysis of the natural and anthropogenic greenhouse effect. Greenhouse gases, global warming potential and anthropogenic sources. Scientific evidence of climate change and correlation between human emissions of greenhouse gases and climate effects. Medium- and long-term consequences of climate change for different warming scenarios. Adaptation and mitigation strategies. Analysis of some of the main mitigation strategies implemented or proposed (reduction of energy demand, increase in energy efficiency, electrification, renewable sources, capture, storage and use of carbon dioxide CCUS, use of biomass, etc.). Analysis of proposed strategies to achieve negative greenhouse gas emissions (reforestation/afforestation, BECCS, direct air capture of carbon dioxide, mineral or soil sequestration, etc.). Analysis of both technical and sustainability aspects of the various options discussed.
Management and archiving of digital graphic data. Raster graphics: image size and resolution, color management; notes on digital photography; main methods and software for processing raster images. 2D vector graphics: 2D CAD introduction and main software. Autocad: interface, visualization, navigation, representation scales, creation and editing of primitives, management of properties, layers, use of levels, annotation and management of annotative objects, management of the layout layout, printing procedures, linking and exchanging files. 3d modeling: main modeling techniques (NURBS, polygonal, solid) software; basics of parametric modeling; introduction to rendering techniques. Introduction to three-dimensional modeling for Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Revit software.
Descriptive geometry: fundamental entities; proper and improper entities; projection and section operations; projective invariance of the cross ratio; conditions of belonging, alignment, incidence; projectivity, perspective, homology; Desargues' theorem. Methods of representation - perspective: spatial genesis, fundamental entitie; one and two-points perspective; measuring methods; belonging conditions, graphic solving of belonging problems; true measure; true form. Methods of representation - the projections of Monge: spatial genesis, fundamental entities; reversal of planes; conditions of belonging, graphic resolution of problems of belonging; figures belonging to generic planes; true view of figures; sections. Methods of representation - the axonometric projection: spatial genesis, fundamental entities; orthographic axonometry. Drawing as language: valence of the sign; structure of drawings; valence of the color; tools for the transmission of design information (graphic conventions, dimensioning systems).
Course introduction. Transport demand and its characteristics. Transport systems: classification and impacts (classification of transport modes; transport system externalities). Sustainable mobility (definitions and goals; Smart mobility and Intelligent Transport Systems; Mobility Management; Sustainable Mobility Urban Plans). Transport system engineering and planning decision process. Introduction to quantitative methods for planning and monitoring the transport system. Supply models (zoning and graphs; cost and impact functions; minimum path search). Demand models (Definitions; direct estimation methods; discrete choice models and random utility theory for demand analysis; the four-step demand models: trip generation, trip distribution, mode choice and path choice; model calibration). Assignment models (network loading models; introduction to network equilibrium). Origin-destination matrix update by using traffic counts. Models for impact simulation (traffic pollution and noise, road safety). Application examples.
Criteria for selection of materials. Classification of materials. The electronic structure of atoms. The primary bonds: ionic, covalent and metallic. The secondary bonds. Main crystalline structures in metallic materials. The Bravais lattices and unit cells. The Miller indices. Density: linear, planar and volume. Crystal structures in ionic solids. The defects of the crystal structure: point and line (dislocations). The movement of dislocations. Surface defects. The diffusion in solids. Microscopic investigation techniques for structural characterization and microstructure. The amorphous substances: silicates and glass. Organic polymer. Main technologies of glass and polymers. The elastic behavior: Hooke's law. Viscoelasticity. Classification of mechanical tests. The tensile test. The tensile behavior of metallic materials. The plastic deformation. Mechanisms of hardening of metals. Mechanical properties of polymers. Mechanical properties of ceramic and technologies. The Weibull modulus. Mechanical properties of composites and technologies. Hardness testing. The creep and the mechanisms of creep. The toughness. The theory of Griffith. The brittle fracture and ductile failure. The resilience test. The fatigue test. Phase diagrams. The lever rule. Diagrams Binary isomorphic. The diagrams were in miscibility partial eutectic, eutectoid, peritectic. Phase diagrams with complex phases and intermediate compounds in solubility congruent or incongruent. The state diagram Fe-Fe3C. The microstructures of steels TTT diagrams. Hardening and martensite. Thermal treatments of steels. Cement and concrete: chalk and limestone. Ordinary Portland Cement, Moderate resistant to sulfate and moisturizing Heat Cement, Rapid Hardening Cement, Low Hydration Cement, Sulfate Resistant Cement, Pozobolanic cement, Blast furnace, Aggregates, Stone Materials (Classification, Characterization and Degradation ), fresh and hardened concrete.
Introduction. Probability spaces and their proprieties. Conditional probability, independent events. Uniform probability, elements of combinatorics. Discrete models. Discrete random variables (r.v.) and their distributions. Joint distribution. Conditional density. Independent r.v.; Binomial, geometric, Poisson law. Mathematical expectation. Moments of a r.v., variance, Chebyshev inequality , covariance. Regression line. Continuous models. Continuous r.v. and density. Gaussian and Gamma law. Continuous random vectors. Sum, product and quotient of continuous r.v. Transformation of r.v. Random generators. Simulation. The law of large numbers and its applications. The Central limit Theorem, normal approximation. Problems of estimation: confidence intervals.
The course is divided into two sections: a theoretical section dedicated to construction systems and materials and a practical section dedicated to the drawing of the construction elements. The topics discussed in the lectures are: Generality on structural systems. Structural systems: Masonry structures, Reinforced concrete structures, Steel structures. Horizontal slabs: Slabs and Stairs. Infill walls. Windows and doors. The various construction elements are analyzed in relation to the materials used, the construction methods, behavior and performance. Within the practical section, students will design some constructive elements, in order to implement the concepts and operational tools learned from lectures.
Basic elements of Numerical Analysis (polynomial interpolation, numerical integration, elements of matrix analysis, iterative methods for linear systems).
Differential calculus in several variables. Points of maximum or minimum in the free and in the constrained case, Lagrange multipliers. Double and triple integrals. Curves and surfaces. Vector fields and their integrals. Gauss-Green, divergence and Stokes theorems. Number series. Power series and Fourier series. Functions of complex variable and their integrals. Ordinary differential equations.
ELECTROSTATIC IN VACUUM: Electric charges. Insulators and conductors. Electrical structure of matter. Coulomb's law. Electrostatic field. Electrostatic field produced by a continuous distribution of charges. Force lines of the electrostatic field. Work of the electric force. Electrostatic potential. Calculation of electrostatic potential. Electrostatic potential energy. Motion of a charge in an electrostatic field. The field as a gradient of potential. Equipotential surfaces. Electric Field Rotor. The electric dipole. The force on an electric dipole. Flow of the electrostatic field. Gauss's law. Some applications and consequences of the Gauss law. The divergence of the electrostatic field. Maxwell equations of the electric field. ELECTROSTATIC IN THE CONDUCTORS: Conductors in equilibrium. Cable conductor. Electrostatic screen. Capacity of a conductor. Capacitors. Connection of series and parallel capacitors. Electrostatic field energy. DIELECTRIC: The dielectric constant. Polarization of dielectrics. Vector Induction D. Energy of the electrostatic field in the presence of dielectrics. Connection conditions for fields E and D. ELECTRICAL CURRENT: Electrical conduction. Electric current. Continuity equation. Stationary electrical current. Ohm's law of electrical conduction. Classic model of electrical conduction. Series and parallel resistors. Electromotive force. Generalized Ohm's law. Kirchhoff's laws. Circuits run by almost stationary currents. Energy analysis of an RC circuit. MAGNETIC FIELD: Magnetic interaction. Magnetic field. Electricity and magnetism. Magnetic force on a moving charge. Magnetic force on a current-carrying conductor. Mechanical moments on circuits. Motion of a charged particle in a magnetic field B. Magnetic field produced by a current. Calculations of magnetic fields produced by particular circuits. Electrodynamic actions between wires covered by current. Ampere's law. Ampere equivalence theorem. Divergence of the magnetic induction vector. Ampere circuitation theorem. Diamagnets, paramagnets and ferromagnets. ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION: Faraday law of electromagnetic induction. Law of Lenz. Origin of the induced electric field and of f.e.m. induced. Applications of the Faraday law. Self-induction. Mutual induction. Energy analysis of an RL circuit. Magnetic energy and mechanical actions. Ampere-Maxwell law. Displacement current. Maxwell equations of the magnetic field. ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES Electromagnetic wave equation. Perpendicularity of E and B in an electromagnetic wave. Polarization. Poynting vector.
THERMODYNAMICS Physical quantities and units of measures. Thermodynamics Science. First principle of Thermodynamics. Open system. Second principle of Thermodynamics. Technical systems. Properties of substances. Technical plants. THERMAL AND FLUID DYNAMICS Equations of energy and mass conservation. Bernouilli equation. Friction. Flow with constant specific volume. HEAT TRANSFER Modalities of heat transfer. Fundamentals laws. Units of measure. Dimensions. Heat conduction in one dimensional steady state. Concentrated parameters in heat conduction in transient regime. Thermal radiation of black and grey bodies. Thermal convection. Heat exchangers: condensers and evaporators. THERMAL- HYGROMETRIC COMFORT ACOUSTICS
Introduction to the main applications of Geotechnical Engineering in Civil Engineering. Examples of Geotechnical structures: foundations, slopes, tunnels, retaining structures, excavations, river banks, dams. Identification and geotechnical classification of soils and rocks; water content, limits of Atterberg. Effective stresses, interstitial pressures; "Principle of effective pressures" in saturated soils. Stress and strain states; Mohr circles; geostatic tensions; capillarity and suction effects; earth rest coefficient; indefinite slopes; strain paths; elastic behavior of soils and rock materials. Edometric and isotropic compression tests; modulus and indexes of compressibility; causes and mechanical effects of over-consolidation; long term compressibility. Seepage flows; Darcy's experience; measurement of coefficient of permeability; dragging actions; Laplace equation; boundary and initial conditions; free surface; Heterogeneity and anisotropy; hydrodynamic net; piping. The phenomenon of consolidation; hydromechanical analogy; mono-dimensional consolidation; governing equation and closed form solution; time factor, degree of consolidation; applications. Triaxial and direct shear tests; critical state; resistance parameters; peak resistance and residual conditions; undrained resistance; Mohr-Coulomb and Tresca criteria; Rankine's formulas. Stress and displacement in foundation soils induced by external loads; formulas by Boussinesq, Mindlin, Cerruti; examples. Limit equilibrium method and application; stability of slopes and excavations; the wedge Method; Bearing capacity of shallow footings; geotechnical design of earth retaining structures.
Introduction to the course and to the sustainable development goals Mass balances - Stoichiometry and kinetics of chemical reactions: reversible and irreversible reactions; homogeneous and heterogeneous reaction; reaction order (zero, one, two, and saturation reactions); determination of the order of a reaction (differential and integral methods); influence of temperature on reaction kinetics; van't Hoff-Arrhenius equation; (exercises) Hydraulic modeling of natural systems: general mass balance equation. - Batch model reactor. - Continuous flow stirred tank reactor (CFSTR) model: analysis of the behaviour of the reactor in the transient and steady states; relationship between process efficiency and mean residence time. - Plug flow reactor (PFR) model: analysis of the behaviour of the reactor at steady state. Biological kinetics equations - Growth velocity and growth rates; Maximum biomass growth yield; substrate utilization velocity; endogenous respiration velocity; enzyme catalyzed reactions (Michaelis & Menten equation); relationship between growth rates and substrate concentration (Monod equation); (exercise). - Batch reactor (BR): mass balance of substrate and biomass; dependency of the substrate utilization velocity from substrate concentration. Continuous flow stirred tank reactor (CFSTR) - suspended biomass without recirculation: mass balance of substrate and biomass; mean cell residence time and hydraulic residence time; fundamental equations; determination of the kinetic constants; net growth yield; Dependency of substrate concentration and net growth yield as a function of the mean cell residence time; (exercise). - Continuous flow stirred tank reactor (CFSTR) - suspended biomass with recirculation: mass balance of substrate and biomass; case 1 biomass excess discharged from the reactor (mass balance equation); case 2 biomass excess discharged from the sludge recirculation line (mass balance equation); Dependency of substrate concentration, biomass concentration and net growth yield yield as a function of the observed mean cell residence time; (exercise). - Plug flow reactor (PFR) - suspended biomass with recirculation: mass balance of substrate and biomass; efficiency comparison with a CFSTR reactor; (exercise). Atmosphere Description of the environmental compartment and main pollution parameters. Soil Description of the environmental compartment and main pollution parameters. Water Pollution parameters: Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (kinetics, effect of kinetic constant, determination of the kinetic constant: Thomas and differential methods); Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD); Nitrogen compounds (ammonia, organic nitrogen, nitrites e nitrates); solids (solid classification based on dimensions, volatile solids e and non volatile solids), other contaminants; (exercises). Effect of the discharge of an oxygen depleting substance in a river Oxygen transfer, mass balance of oxygen in the river (Streeter and Phelps equation), analysis of the effects of a series of discharges; (exercise). Unit operations - Equalization: flow rate equalization, in line and off line equalization, total regulation capacity, variable flow rate laws, equalization of the organic load; (exercise). - Free settling: terminal settling velocity (Newton law, Stokes law), overflow velocity and determination of the removal efficiency; (exercise). Type II settling (with flocculation). Zone settling. - Solids flow theory: relationship between zone settling velocity and concentration, solids flow by gravity, mass solids flow and limiting solids flow, properties of the solids flow curves, relationship between under flow and overflow velocities with concentration: state point condition, over load condition, under load condition and equilibrium, critical recirculation ratio; (exercise) - Coagulation and flocculation - Volumetric filtration; (exercise) - Mass transfer based processes: Absorption/desorption (stripping): double film theory; calculation of the theoretical air flow demand; (exercise). Adsorption: adsorption istherms; calculation of the theoretical activated carbon demand; (exercise). Disinfection processes: chlorination, breakpoint chlorination. Introduction to contaminated site remediation and treatment and management of municipal solid waste.
not available
http://didattica.uniroma2.it/informazioni/index/insegnamento/160026-Macchine
FIRST PART: Composition of living matter Weakly interactions in water environment Energetic of life Nucleic acids Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids and membranes Enzymes Biochemical techniques
1) Road design principles - A brief summary about highway design goals and principles in various country (safety, comfort, environmental impact); - Ground vehicles motion: resistances, tire performances, equation of motion, prediction of vehicle performance (braking performance, acceleration performance) - Human factors : driving Task , driver Performance , perception-Response time , control movement time , ecc.) 2) Geometric design of road - Geometric design criteria: Design parameters and speed parameters, - Horizontal alignment design: general alignment issues (tangent, circular curves, transition curves), - Vertical alignment design: grades, vertical curves and co-ordination of horizontal and vertical alignments; - Design elements of cross section: criteria for defining elements dimension, super elevation design and application, roadside design (safety barriers); - Operating speeds and geometric consistency; - Uninterrupted flow: flow parameters (travel time, average speed, concentration, flow, and capacity), macroscopic flow models (continuum models, speed and flow relations, etc.), Level of service (HCM 2010 manual procedure). 3) Geometric design of road - Classification of intersections - Criteria design of road intersections - Geometric design of at grade and intersection (roundabout, signalized and not signalized intersection); - Geometric design of interchanges (grade separated junction): ramp, acceleration and deceleration lanes; - Unsignalized intersection theory: the Attributes (gap Acceptance, capacity etc.), gap acceptance theory and solutions, empirical methods (HCM, CETUR, etc); 4) Road facility projects development; 5) Design of horizontal and vertical alignment of railways 6) Basic elements for aerodrome design (ICAO annex 14) Tutorial: is planned to develop an exercise concerning the design of a two ways rural roads alignment.
http://didattica.uniroma2.it/informazioni/index/insegnamento/176084-Metodi-Matematici-Per-Lingegneria
