Corso di laurea - Area di Ingegneria - Accesso libero con prova di verifica obbligatoria delle conoscenze richieste per l'ammissione al corso. L'esito della prova non preclude la possibilità di immatricolarsi (D.M. 270/04) - Classe L-23
Informazioni generali
Descrizione e obiettivi formativi
Il corso forma una figura professionale che attraverso la propria preparazione interdisciplinare sia in grado di identificare i problemi e ricercare appropriate soluzioni nell'intero settore dell'edilizia, mettendo in atto le strategie più corrette ed attuali nell'ambito della costruzione e della progettazione.
Il corso assicura una solida preparazione di base a carattere generale e una preparazione ingegneristica multidisciplinare in grado di far fronte alle dinamiche evolutive del comparto dell'edilizia; il laureato ha dunque la possibilità di inserirsi in una attività lavorativa o di proseguire gli studi per una ulteriore specializzazione.
Il percorso formativo comprende:
- attività formative di base (Analisi matematica, Fisica, Geometria, Informatica, Chimica), articolate tra il I e il II anno, per fornire allo studente gli strumenti scientifici necessari per affrontare le materie caratterizzanti.
- attività formative di base nella storia e nella rappresentazione (Storia dell'architettura, Disegno dell'architettura), previste nel I anno di corso, che trasmettono le conoscenze culturali necessarie a compendio delle abilità tecniche.
- attività formative caratterizzanti nell'Architettura (Architettura tecnica, Rilievo dell'architettura), che forniscono competenze relativamente alla tecnologia edilizia e alle attività proprie dell'ingegnere junior.
- attività formative caratterizzanti nell'Edilizia (Meccanica dei solidi, Scienza delle costruzioni, Tecnica delle costruzioni), che riguardano le conoscenze scientifiche indispensabili per operare, in affiancamento o in autonomia, nell'attività di progettazione e collaudo in edilizia.
Il Corso di Studio propone inoltre alcuni insegnamenti tesi a completare il percorso formativo con ulteriori competenze relative alle tematiche impiantistiche e ambientali, alla gestione in sicurezza di un cantiere edile, alla conoscenza dei materiali edili, alla conoscenza del quadro normativo entro il quale si svolge le professione.
Il corso può rilasciare il titolo di Coordinatore per la progettazione e esecuzione dei lavori, ai sensi del D.Lgs 81/2008 e s.m.i..
Sbocchi professionali:
Il corso consente l'accesso all'esame di Stato per la sezione B per l'esercizio della professione di Ingegnere (junior) nel settore A - civile e ambientale, figura professionale che collabora alle attività degli Ingegneri ma che può operare anche in autonomia.
I principali sbocchi occupazionali sono:
- attività di analisi, valutazione tecnico-economica, interpretazione, rappresentazione e rilievo di manufatti edilizi e di contesti ambientali;
- attività di supporto alla progettazione, quali: definizione degli interventi e scelta delle relative tecnologie mirati al miglioramento della qualità ambientale e all'arresto dei processi di degrado e di dissesto e all'eliminazione e contenimento delle loro cause;
- attività gestionali, quali: organizzazione e conduzione del cantiere edile, gestione e valutazione economica dei processi edilizi o di trasformazione di aree a prevalente valenza naturale, direzione dei processi tecnico-amministrativi e produttivi connessi;
- attività correlate all'ingegneria della sicurezza e protezione delle costruzioni edili, quali: le grandi infrastrutture edili, i sistemi di gestione e servizi per le costruzioni edili per i cantieri e i luoghi di lavoro, i luoghi destinati agli spettacoli e agli avvenimenti sportivi, gli enti pubblici e privati in cui sviluppare attività di prevenzione e di gestione della sicurezza e in cui ricoprire i profili di responsabilità previsti dalla normativa vigente per la verifica delle condizioni di sicurezza.
Condizione occupazionale (indicatori di efficacia e livello di soddisfazione dei laureandi):
http://statistiche.almalaurea.it/universita/statistiche/trasparenza?CODICIONE=0580206202300001
Valutazione della didattica - Studenti
Anno accademico precedente
Riferimenti web e contatti
Sito web http://dicii.uniroma2.it/?PG=47.4.1
Coordinatore: Prof.ssa Zila Rinaldi
e-mail rinaldi@ing.uniroma2.it
Segreteria didattica:
dott.ssa Maria Luisa Cottone – sig.ra Maria Beatrice Giambenedetti
tel. +39 06 7259.7003/7055
e-mail didattica.civile@ing.uniroma2.it
The course illustrates the history of architecture's evolution from the Greco-Roman period to the first half of the 20th century, providing the student with the basic cognitive references of the development of the constructive, typological and formal characteristics of architecture. From a methodological point of view, the theme of the architectural order is privileged, of which the compositional, technical and expressive uses are deepened, as well as the specific associated spatial types and architectural languages. About the contemporary architecture, the course moves from the innovation of technical systems and production, which was the base of industrial revolution and the vehicle of decisive innovations in architectural language. It also has constituted the final moment of the emergence of the 18th century Enlightenment rational culture. Through a chronological-thematic itinerary, the course topics aim to highlight the different contributions of architects, groups and movements to the affirmation of the modern architectural language. To this end, the course alternates historical lectures and in-depth analyzes of "exempla" between monumental buildings emblematic of an epoch or a movement.
Descriptive geometry: fundamental entities; proper and improper entities; projection and section operations; projective invariance of the cross ratio; conditions of belonging, alignment, incidence; projectivity, perspective, homology; Desargues' theorem. Methods of representation - history. Methods of representation - perspective: spatial genesis, fundamental entitie; one and two-points perspective; measuring methods; belonging conditions, graphic solving of belonging problems; true measure; true form; restitution of perspective. Methods of representation - the projections of Monge: spatial genesis, fundamental entities; reversal of planes; conditions of belonging, graphic resolution of problems of belonging; figures belonging to generic planes; true view of figures; sections. Methods of representation - the axonometric projection: spatial genesis, fundamental entities; orthographic axonometry; oblique axonometry. Drawing as language: valence of the sign; structure of drawings; valence of the color; live drawing and design drawing; tools for the transmission of design information (graphic conventions, dimensioning systems). Design for architecture: graphic constructions and proportion; modular organization of graphic space; perspective and perception of architecture; green design; texturing; design of architectural elements (roofs, arches, vaults, stairs, windows).
Sets, numerical sets, real numbers. Roots, powers and logarithms. Principle of induction. Functions, domain, condominium, image and graph. Real functions of a real variable. Elementary functions. Monotone functions. Maximum and minimum of a function. Injective, surjective, bijective and inverse functions. Composition of functions. Surroundings, open and closed sets, points of accumulation. Local highs and lows. The extended real line. Limits of functions and their properties. Notable limits. Infinites, infinitesimals and comparisons. Vertical, horizontal and oblique asymptotes. Limits of sequences. Subsuccessions. The number is. Natural logarithm. Symbols of Landau, orders of infinity and infinitesimal. Continuous functions and their properties. Continuous functions on a closed and bounded interval. Theorem of zeroes. Weierstrass theorem on maximum and minimum. Lipschitzian continuity and uniform continuity. Tangent and derivative line for real functions of a real variable. Left and right derivative. Elementary properties of derivatives. Calculation of derivatives. Local and derived extremes. Mean value theorem and applications. Derivatives and monotony. De l'Hopital's theorem. Subsequent derivatives. Concave and convex functions, inflection points. Function study. Taylor's polynomial and its applications to the computation of limits. Approximation of functions by means of the Taylor polynomial. Riemann integral and its geometric interpretation. Integrable functions. Integral functions and fundamental theorem of integral calculus. Primitive functions and indefinite integral and definite integral. Computation of integrals. Integration by parts and by replacements. Integration of rational functions. Integrability in an improper sense.
The scientific method. Elements and compounds. Chemical formulas. The balancing of chemical reactions. Chemical nomenclature (notes). Stoichiometric calculations. The principal chemical reactions. Atomic Theory. Sub-atomic particles. Isotopes. Quantum Theory. Particles and waves. Quantum numbers. Atomic orbitals. Pauli and Hund principles. Electronic structures of atoms. The periodic system and periodic properties. Chemical bonds. Ionic and covalent bonds. Valence bond theory: hybridization and resonance. Determination of molecular structures based on the repulsion of the valence electron pairs (VSEPR). Molecular orbitals theory (LCAO-MO). Application of MO theory for homo- and heteronuclear diatomic molecules of the I and II period. Dipolar interactions. Hydrogen bond. Metallic bond. Band theory. Structure and conductivity. Solid state. Crystal and amorphous solids. Metals. Ionic crystals and lattice energy. Insulators and semiconductors. The gaseous state. Ideal gas laws. Ideal gas equation. Dalton law. Real gases: van der Waals equation. First principle of thermodynamics. State functions: Internal Energy and Enthalpy. Thermochemistry. Hess law. Second and third principle of thermodynamics. Entropy and Free Energy. Equilibrium and spontaneity criteria. Molar free energy: activity and standard states. Vapour pressure. Clapeyron equation. Solutions: Phase equilibria. State diagrams. Fractional distillation. Colligative properties for ideal solutions. Chemical equilibrium: Le Chatelier principle. Equilibrium constant. Law of mass action. Gaseous dissociation equilibria. Electrolytic systems: electrolytic dissociation equilibria, electric conductivity. Colligative properties of electrolytic solutions. Low soluble electrolytes: solubility product. Acid-base equilibria. Autoionization of water: pH. Monoprotic and polyprotic acids and bases. Buffer solutions. Indicators. Titrations. pH dependent solubility. Chemical kinetics: Chemical reactions rate, activation energy, catalysis. Red-ox systems: electrode potentials. Galvanic cells: Nernst equation. Electrolysis: Faraday law; electrode discharge processes. Electrochemical applications: Fuel cells, batteries. Metal corrosion. Nuclear Chemistry. Notes of Organic chemistry. Polymers.
The course is divided into two sections: a theoretical section dedicated to construction systems and materials and a practical section in which will be carried out an exercise of executive design. The topics discussed in the lectures are: Generality on structural systems. Structural systems: Masonry structures, Reinforced concrete structures, Steel structures. Horizontal slabs: Slabs, Stairs, Vaults, Roofs. Infill walls. Windows and doors. The various construction elements are analyzed in relation to the materials used, the construction methods, behavior and performance. Within the practical section, students will be asked to design a determined building, whose morphology will be defined in its main aspects, in order to implement the concepts and operational tools learned from lectures.
The importance of architectural survey is certainly an essential component for the preparation of technicians called as well as to manage the initial phases of project and / or construction site, also to effectively respond to the increasingly pressing demands of the market aimed at the maintenance / restoration of the existing and, more generally, to build in the built environment. As part of the training necessary for this specific competence of the engineer, the course aims first of all to put the students in a position to understand and graphically return an architectural artifact of any kind through the "integrated" use of direct and indirect survey techniques. To the development of the theoretical-informative part, mainly aimed at methods and tools for surveying without neglecting some historical-disciplinary notes, the practical-practical application carried out on artifacts freely chosen by the students or proposed by the lecturer is closely connected. The main topics addressed in the lectures and / or in the seminars are: fundamental concepts and aims of architectural survey and urban contexts; historical aspects of the survey, direct and indirect survey, tools and methods, advanced technologies (laser scanner, digital photogrammetry); errors and measures; techniques for planimetric and altimetric survey; notes on the architectural order and moldings; sight detection, photography and eidotype; photography as an indirect survey method; perspective restitution and elementary photogrammetry, straightening; other surveys for data acquisition, reference cartography; territorial survey (hints); new methodologies for surveying and diagnostics (non-destructive technologies); data restitution, graphic models, symbols and graphic conventions; specifications and regulations, proposals for existing regulations; survey and security.
Criteria for selection of materials. Classification of materials. The electronic structure of atoms. The primary bonds: ionic, covalent and metallic. The secondary bonds. Main crystalline structures in metallic materials. The Bravais lattices and unit cells. The Miller indices. Density: linear, planar and volume. Crystal structures in ionic solids. The defects of the crystal structure: point and line (dislocations). The movement of dislocations. Surface defects. The diffusion in solids. Microscopic investigation techniques for structural characterization and microstructure. The amorphous substances: silicates and glass. Organic polymer. Main technologies of glass and polymers. The elastic behavior: Hooke's law. Viscoelasticity. Classification of mechanical tests. The tensile test. The tensile behavior of metallic materials. The plastic deformation. Mechanisms of hardening of metals. Mechanical properties of polymers. Mechanical properties of ceramic and technologies. The Weibull modulus. Mechanical properties of composites and technologies. Hardness testing. The creep and the mechanisms of creep. The toughness. The theory of Griffith. The brittle fracture and ductile failure. The resilience test. The fatigue test. Phase diagrams. The lever rule. Diagrams Binary isomorphic. The diagrams were in miscibility partial eutectic, eutectoid, peritectic. Phase diagrams with complex phases and intermediate compounds in solubility congruent or incongruent. The state diagram Fe-Fe3C. The microstructures of steels TTT diagrams. Hardening and martensite. Thermal treatments of steels. Cement and concrete: chalk and limestone. Ordinary Portland Cement, Moderate resistant to sulfate and moisturizing Heat Cement, Rapid Hardening Cement, Low Hydration Cement, Sulfate Resistant Cement, Pozobolanic cement, Blast furnace, Aggregates, Stone Materials (Classification, Characterization and Degradation ), fresh and hardened concrete.
Mathematical preliminaries Strain analysis Stress analysis Elastic materials Material symmetries Yield criteria One dimensional plasticity Associated plastic flow rules Uniqueness and existence of the incremental response Plasticity postulates of Ilyushin, of Drucker, of Hill and of Berezhnoi-Ivlev The elastoplastic incremental boundary value problem Variational principles Preliminaries to the limit analysis: the elasto-plastic bending of beams Static and kinematic theorems The limit analysis of frames Mathematical programming methods
Elements of measurement science. The scientific method, physical quantities, physical laws, systems of units. Treatment of experimental data: uncertainty, resolution, precision, accuracy. Dating. Radiocarbon method: C14 isotopes, dating principle, isotopic selectivity, calibration. Thermoluminescence method: electronic states in crystalline solids, trap states, natural radiations, paleodose and year dose, TD dating principle, artificial dose and paleodose determination, fine-grain and inclusion methods.
Module B - Physical methods for cultural heritage DIAGNOSTICS FOR BBCC - Invasive, destructive, paradistrative, micro-destructive techniques - In situ analysis and instrumentation portability STRUCTURAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES - Propagation and characteristics of electromagnetic waves - Reflection, diffusion, refraction - Multispectral imaging: applications to paintings and documentary supports - IR and UV reflectography - UV fluorescence - Active infrared thermography - Infrared in false colors - (multi) hyperspectral analysis - Radiography - X and gamma tomography for the analysis of artistic artefacts - ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES - Ion Beam Analysis (IBA): particles induced X-ray and gamma emission (PIXE, PIGE), backscatter (RBS) - X-ray fluorescence (XRF) - MICROSCOPY - Scanning electron microscopy and EDS: secondary and backscattered electrons - Laser spectroscopy (LIF, LIBS, LA + MS) - Colorimetry.
SITE ORGANIZATION AND SAFETY: The course is intended for training for Works Management, for site management and for the role of Safety Coordinator in the execution phase, with particular regard to the on-site production phase. To this end, the course deals with the following educational themes, developed in a theoretical part and in an application part: the figures and procedures of the building process. An overall representation of the building process is described which describes the various figures present (client, designer, builder, etc.) and their nature, the competences that each of them must possess, the relationships and procedures identified both at regulatory regulatory level and technical that customary. Finally, the various phases that characterize the construction of a public work are presented. Site installation, use of machines and safety devices. With particular reference to the issue of safety in the workplace, the problems connected with the layout and logistics of the construction site, the operation of machinery and production tools, scaffolding and temporary works, the building site systems, hygienic-assistance services, safety signs, personal and collective protection devices. The exercise activities are related in this phase to the design of the site in its evolutionary phases. Analytical techniques for the management of the production process. The typical decision-making situations of building production management are studied, largely making reference to the analytical formalizations of Operations Research and ISO 9000 standards; in particular, topics such as the Pert techniques for job scheduling and the techniques for optimizing the use of resources are discussed. MANAGEMENT OF SAFETY IN THE PROJECT AND CONSTRUCTION SITE: The teaching is integrated with that relating to "Planning and organization of the construction site" and aims to provide the knowledge and techniques to design and manage safety on construction sites. The materials treated and the strong applicative connotation that characterize it make it functional to allow students to achieve one of the requisites necessary to be able to play the role of safety coordinator, both in the design phase and in the execution of the works.
1. The sources: from l. n. 109/94 (the so-called Merloni law) and the Code of public contracts (Legislative Decree No. 163/06) to Legislative Decree no. 50/2016. The ANAC guidelines. The new Directives nos. 23, 24 and 25/2014 / EU 2. Subjects in public procurement 2.1. the subjects admitted to the tenders: - individual companies; - the R.T.I.; - stable consortia; 2.2.The contracting stations: Contracting authorities; Dealers who are not contracting authorities; Mixed companies, in-house assignments. 3. Overview of the public tender phases. 4. The tender notice - elements; - advertising: terms and methods for publication (for the different thresholds). 5. Procedures for choosing the contractor - open; - restricted; - negotiated; 6. The award criteria - lowest price (maximum discount amount based on the tender); - most economically advantageous offer; comparison in pairs; - anomaly threshold: calculation, adequacy check and automatic exclusion. 7. Construction and management concessions. 8. Project financing. 9. Subcontracting and sub-submissions. Assimilated contracts. 10. Valuation. 11. Framework of the antimafia legislation: Legislative Decree n. 159/2011 (prefectural communication and information). Traceability (L.n. 136/2010). 12. The requirements: - general: art. 80 Code; - special: SOA, qualifications, categories and rankings. 13. Anti-corruption and public procurement: Anti-corruption legislation; the A.N.AC .; the L. n. 190/2012, Legislative Decree no. 33/2013 (amended in June 2016), the Legislative Decree n. 90/2014 and Law 27 May 2015, n. 69. 14. Execution of the contract: - delivery of the works; - suspension and resumption of work; - the variants; - accounting and regulation of reserves; - SAL and delayed payments; - termination of the contract and withdrawal; - testing; - procedure of the amicable agreement.
Program: 1. Definitions and principles for forensic engineering. 2. The Italian legal system: private law and public law: jurisdictional matters and competences. Active subjective legal situations (subjective rights - obligations). Substantial part of administrative law (phases of the procedure, provision and legitimate interests) and criminal law (elements of the crime: objective element - causal link; subjective element). 3. The process: criminal, administrative, civil. Phases and characteristics. 4. Expert, CTU and CTP: tasks, penal responsibilities, techniques for drafting the documents. Legal nature of the appraisal. 5. Details of the penal system. The phases, the parts, the judgment, the contradictory, the testimony, the proof. Simulation of the debate. 6. T.U. building: interventions, definitions, building permits, SCIA, usability, various classifications, aspects relevant to the activity of the consultant / engineering expert. Sanctions. 7. The CTU and the CTP in the criminal procedural system: simulation of the process (debate) and of the drafting of the acts of the technical and / or part consultant in the light of scenarios specially invented by the teacher. Next testimony. In the classroom the teacher will conduct the simulation, organized in time with the collaboration of all the Students. 8. Technical Office Consulting (art. 67 c.p.a.) and Verification (art. 66 c.p.a.a) in the administrative process. Study of the main proceedings of the first degree process at the T.A.R. and editing of a Verification on a simulated concrete case. 9. Logic elements. 10. Invoicing. 11. Elements of ethics for the forensic engineer.
The hypotheses of linear elasticity. One-dimensional beam-like bodies: geometry, kinematics, loads and internal actions. Frames and systems composed of multiple beams: junctions, disconnections, symmetry. One-dimensional beam models: Bernoulli-Navier model, Timoshenko model, constitutive equations, governing differential equations. Virtual power and virtual work equation for beams and frames. Calculation of displacements in isostatic systems. Resolution of statically underdetermined structures by Mueller-Breslau equations. Bukling instability, bifurcation diagrams, load and geometry imperfections, Euler buckling load, design against buckling.
The objective of the course is to provide theoretical and applicative elements on some complex construction techniques, with particular reference to their application in works of great structural commitment. The construction techniques are addressed in their historical evolution, on the international scene and, more in detail, in Italy. Topics of the lessons: Presentation of the course. Basic instructions (3 hours); The evolution of materials in the nineteenth century: from cast iron to puddelled iron up to?steel (3 hours); The evolution of construction science in the 19th century: the slow conquest of the solution of complex hyperstatic systems (3 hours); The evolution of large structures in the first half of the 19th century and the role of railway infrastructures (6 hours); The evolution of large structures in the second half of the 19th century: the reticular beam (3 hours); Galleries, stations and pavilions for exhibitions (3 hours); In search of great light: the suspended bridge (3 hours); In search of great height: the skyscraper's frame (3 hours); The metallic construction in Italy in the 19th century: the development of the railway (the first lines, the power station); Cottrau and the history of the bridges over the Po and the Tiber in Rome; the Paderno bridge (6 hours); Origins, first developments and affirmation of reinforced concrete in the early 20th century (6 hours); The work of Robert Maillart: the three-hinged bridge; the thin-arc bridge and stiffening deck (6 hours); thin vaults resistant in shape: the Zeiss-Dywidag system and the German school; the double-curved surfaces and the Spanish school (Torroja), the hypars (Candela), the physical models (Isler) (6 hours); The pre-stressing: from Freyssinet's systematic deformations to prestressed reinforced concrete (3 hours); Il modello costrut italiano nel Novecento: le motivazioni di un successo (3 hours); L'opera di Pier Luigi Nervi: ferrocement and structural prefabrication (6 hours); The boom in Italian engineering; the gronchian phase of public works: from the Autosole to the Olympics (6 hours); Riccardo Morandi's work: the homogeneous reinforced concrete cable-stayed bridge (3 hours); The waning phase of Italian engineering: from the South Highway to the Underground (Zorzi); the bridge over the Basento (Musmeci) (3 hours); The main construction techniques of the twentieth century for large structures. The renunciation of bending and research on axial stresses. The spatial reticular structures: from the Mero system to the dome for the Montreal Expo (Fuller) (3 hours); The origins of the tensile structures: the rejection of compression and the choice of traction. Suspended shells (3 hours); Stayed bridges and suspended bridges in the twentieth century; the bridge over the Strait of Messina (3 hours); The work of Frei Otto and the tensile structures of rope nets (3 hours); The evolution of materials and membrane tensile structures (3 hours); Pneumatic structures and the energy crisis (3 hours); The new balance: the tensegrity (3 hours).
